Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Angola Regulatory System and Infrastructure Essay Example

Angola Regulatory System and Infrastructure Essay Example Angola Regulatory System and Infrastructure Essay Angola Regulatory System and Infrastructure Essay Regulatory Angola’s ordinary corporate tax is 35 percent, with a reduced rate of 20 percent for agricultural and forestry enterprises. The government offers a variety of corporate tax exemptions, reductions, and exemptions from real estate taxes on land and buildings as investment incentives. Income tax for individual’s ranges from 1-40 percent for employees, and 3-60 percent for self employed professionals. Inheritance and gift taxes are also added along with a payroll tax for social security. The main indirect tax is manufacture’s sales tax with rates ranging from 5 percent to 50 percent on listed product (nationalencyclopedia. com). Taxation: Companies carrying out industrial and commercial activities in Angola are subject to income tax on all profits resulting from Angola. If the company has its headquarters in Angola, it will be hit with industrial tax on its profits derived from Angola and 1/3 of its gross income earned abroad. Under the new tax legislation, any income obtained outside of the country will be fully taxable. All companies, no matter if they have a permanent business in Angola, that perform contracts or subcontracts, are subject to industrial tax if the amounts paid to the companies are considered expenses for Industrial tax purposes. This will most likely be changed, because of the new definition of permanent establishment. This new definition also considers, as permanent establishment, the simple interpretation of services, if made by the presence in Angola of hired personnel, for more than 90 days within a year. This means that those companies that render services will be taxable under the general rules of the industrial tax code. Under the new legislation, capital income tax imposed on taxable dividends was raised to 10 percent. However, exemptions form industrial tax can be obtained from the Minister of Finance for new industries and investment projects in fundamental areas. The tax year is the same as the calendar year. Companies other than Angola companies operating abroad must file tax returns together with their financial statements by May 31st in the year following the tax year. Angolan companies operating abroad must file by July 31st, with advance payments of at least 50 percent of the prior years tax liability must be made by December 10th of the tax year. Final payment of tax is due on September 15th of the following year (somalipress. com). Personal income tax – All individuals receiving employment income for working in Angola are subject to income tax. Taxable income includes all employment income, like wages, salaries, leave payments, fees, gratuities, bonuses, premiums or allowances paid or granted b reason of employment, in cash or check. Director’s fees are usually treated as individual taxable income, regarded in the same way as compensation income. Under the tax reform, members of the boards of Angolan companies will always be considered as residents in Angola for tax purposes. Employer withholding satisfies income taxes on employees, and employees do not need to file returns. No resident individuals are assessed on only Angolan source income. The employer or other payer withholds the amount due and is liable for the tax (somalipress. com). Intellectual Property: Angola’s legal system is very inefficient, and corruption plays a major roll in that. Legal fees are high, and most businesses avoid taking commercial disputes to court. The state owns all land, but long term renewable leases are available for most urban and some non urban land. Property registration is a long process and very expensive. Angola is ranked 114th out of 155 countries in the 2009 International Property Rights Index (heritage. org). The Ministry of Industry protects trademarks, patents, and designs under Law 3/92. The Minister of Culture administers Law 4//90, protecting authorship, literary, and artistic rights. Angola is part of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) convention, as well as the Paris convention for the protection of Industrial Property and the patent Cooperation Treaty (overseasnews. nsf). Tariff: Import tariffs are based on the cost, insurance, and freight value of goods at the point of entry. Here is a look at Angola’s tariffs for textiles, apparel, footwear, and travel goods. Tariff Rate Range (%) -silk |2 | |-wool |2 | |-cotton |2 | |-other vegetable fiber |2 | |-man-made fiber |2 | |-silk |5 | |-wool |5 | |-cotton |5 | |-other vegetable fiber |5 | |-man-made fiber |5 | |.. | | |Knit Fabric |5 | | | |Non Woven Fabric |5 | | | | |Industrial Fabric |2 5 | | | | |Apparel |15 | | | | |Home Furnishings |5 15 | |including: bed, bath, kitchen linens, etc. | | | | |Carpet |20 | | | | |Footwear |0 12 | | | | |Travel Goods |20 | (new. nsf. com) Angola’ s weighted average tariff rate was 7. 3 percent in 2008. Despite progress in trade reform, restrictions on some imports, variable and high customs fees and taxes, import licensing, government import authorizations, the regulatory environment, subsides, inadequate customs capacity, and issues involving enforcement of intellectual property rights add to the cost of trade (heritage. org). [pic](Tradingeconomics. com) Technical Infrastructure: Infrastructure has been ruined due to the extensive warfare. Millions of land minds were set, and there has been little effort to remove them. These landmines are not only destroying roads and hampering the process of putting up new buildings, but are killing civilians. There are 11,903. miles of paved roads and 1,834. 4 miles of rail tracks. There are 32 airports with paved runways and 217 with unpaved runways (nationalencyclopedia. com). Transportation: Transportation has taken the biggest hit from the war. More than 60 percent of the paved road network needs repair. The government estimates that it will take 10-15 years to restore the road network to how it was before the war. The economic sectors will not be able to grow with the road, railway, and bridge networks being up and running. They link the main cities in the country and get protects from one end of the country to the other (nationalencyclopedia. com). [pic] (google. com) Phone system: Telecom dominated the phone industry for fixed lines until 2005. Demand however, outstripped capacity, prices were high, and service was poor. Telecom Namibia, through an Angolan company, became the first private licensed operator in Angola’s fixed line telephone network. By 2010 the number of fixed line providers had expanded to 5; Angola Telecom established mobile-cellular service in Luanda in 1993 and the network had been extended to larger towns. There are only about two fixed lines for every 100 people; combined fixed lines and mobile cellular lines are about 65 telephones per 100 persons in 2009 (cia. gov). Angola Information on Economic Freedom | Facts, Data, Analysis, Charts and More. Conservative Policy Research and Analysis | The Heritage Foundation. Web. 21 Nov. 2010. . Angola Infrastructure, Power, and Communications, Information about Infrastructure, Power, and Communications in Angola. Encyclopedia of the Nations Information about Countries of the World, United Nations, and World Leaders. Web. 21 Nov. 2010. . Angola Investment Guides Angolan Investment Profile. Somali Press. Web. 21 Nov. 2010. . CIA The World Factbook. Welcome to the CIA Web Site - Central Intelligence Agency. 9 Nov. 2010. Web. 21 Nov. 2010. . (OTEXA) Market Reports/Tariffs. Market Reports/Tariffs. 11 Nov. 2009. Web. 21 Nov. 2010. 9

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Essay on Sojourner Truth

Essay on Sojourner Truth Essay on Sojourner Truth Andrew Benyamin 3 April 2015 ORP Project Mrs. Martins Sojourner Truth Author- Peter Krass Subject- Sojourner Truth Date- 1988 Place- USA Publisher- Grolier Incorporated Number of Pages- 110 This book is a true tribute to sojourner Truth and has improved my opinion of her. Sojourner Truth has done many things to change my perspective of her. For example she pushed and pushed to fight for not only hers but also other woman’s rights, freedom, and to end slavery over all. Like many colored children back then, she was born into slavery but escaped many years later with her infant child. When she was younger about 12 to be exact both her parents passed away. For someone to have strength like that to keep going and push for her and many others freedom shows great courage and motivation. Her parents’ passing away was a key component for her to push on and to help others. She never stopped believing in her dreams and that later on changed the future. A. What are the details about this person’s life? Sojourner Truth also known as Isabella was born into slavery like many others. As a child she was sold to more than four owners, and as she grew up she was released in 1826, carrying her infant daughter, Sophia. In 1843 she changed her name to Sojourner Truth and announced she would travel the land as a preacher telling the truth against injustice. During the next several years she traveled around the East and Midwest preaching for human rights. She was also known as a powerful figure in many national social movements. She spoke forcefully for the abolition of slavery, women’s rights and suffrage, the right of freedom, and termination of capital punishment. Her first trip was to a place called Battle Creek in Michigan. There she was invited to speak to the radical quacker group, â€Å"The Friends of Human Progress†. The next year she moved to Michigan and bought a little barn on College Street. Unfortunately that is where she passed away on November 26, 1883. Her funera l service was attended by 1000 people. There was a phrase on her tombstone which was â€Å"Is God Dead†. E. What personality traits helped this person achieve success and or fame? There were many traits that helped Sojourner Truth achieve greatness and success. These traits were love, motivation, and determination. Truth’s love was motivated by her love Robert. She saw him get beaten and tortured by their owner when they were slaves. That triggered her emotions and her determination to abolish slavery. Truth went on a tour/ trip across the country preaching too many different groups and people about how slavery is bad and the negatives of it. On this trip she gave her

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Email Pragmatics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Email Pragmatics - Essay Example This essay stresses that language is a very unique phenomenon that comes with several types and rules. Different people speak different languages and even within the same sect of people using a particular language, there are several rules that govern language usage. Because of this, language creates a learning process for itself, which cannot be overlooked or under estimated if a person wants to make effect and judicious use of language. One other interesting feature about language is that the learning of language is almost perpetual, being studied at all levels of education, and ever changing in form and principles. One of the levels of studying and applying language is the focus of the current essay, which is the subject of pragmatic conventions. This paper declares that pragmatics has been identified to be an important area or level of language that emphasizes on the use of language in a social context. Even though most social interactions take place in a more physical form, involving utterances and speeches, it cannot be denied that there have been avenues by which social interactions and social networking have existed through written platforms. Some of these include the use of letter writing, social media networking and emails. Pragmatics as a social context of language therefore highlights both utterance and text meaning to language. The exchange of messages between people has been a common practice for ages.